Why does the data communication industry use the layered OSI reference model?

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• Data link layer is most reliable node to node delivery of data. It forms frames from the packets that are received from network layer and gives it to physical layer. It also synchronizes the information which is to be transmitted over the data.

  1. Physical Addressing: The Data Link layer adds a header to the frame in order to define physical address of the sender or receiver of the frame, if the frames are to be distributed to different systems on the network.
  2. Flow Control: A flow control mechanism to avoid a fast transmitter from running a slow receiver by buffering the extra bit is provided by flow control. This prevents traffic jam at the receiver side.
  3. Access Control: Protocols of this layer determine which of the devices has control over the link at any given time, when two or more devices are connected to the same link.

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• The data communication industry use the layered OSI reference model because It divides the network communication process into smaller and simpler components, thus aiding component development, design, and troubleshooting.It encourages industry standardization by defining what functions occur at each layer of the model.The main advantage of a layered model is that it can allow application developers to change aspects of a program in just one layer of the layer model’s specifications.
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